How do I convert a PAL DVD to NTSC?

Arnaldo writes, "My relatives in Italy mailed me a Region 2 DVD that does not play on my Region 1 NTSC player (it's also PAL format). What do you suggest to watch the DVD as cheaply as possible? I assume that in my case removing the code for personal use would be perfectly legal, then what?"

Without knowing where you are writing from I can't speak to the legalities of removing the CSS code. It is never legal to DeCSS a DVD in the United States, even if the content of the DVD is public domain or you have permission from the copyright holder because you violate the DMCA by doing so (whether you would actually get charged if caught in the case of public domain content is hard to say). There are solutions to the PAL to NTSC issue, some in the legal grey area and some legal methods available for under $100.

Legalities aside, the process of converting a PAL format DVD to NTSC involves a convoluted series of steps using free software tools or an investment of about $200 or more in software specifically designed for converting PAL to NTSC. Unless your time is of very little value, the investment in a software app designed specifically for the conversion process starts to seem very affordable after you've wasted several hours on the conversion process.

Most video editing applications are capable of converting PAL to NTSC, but before you can process the video, you would need to convert it from the VOB files following a procedure similar to the one I describe for converting DVDs for Pocket PC playback. Using a video editing app is not without its flaws in the process. Video editing tools typically use one of two methods for conversion: frame skip or frame repeat. A frame skip method results in video with intermittent jumps where the software didn't know what to do in making the 25fps data fit in the NTSC format. A frame repeat method doubles certain frames to make the frame count match NTSC video at either 24fps or 30fps, which looks better until you get to high motion sequences and then it looks like you did a double take.

The one application I haven't used, but that gets high marks from people in the film industry in this area, is DVFilm Atlantis. The company specializes in transferring film footage to digital video and uses a similar process to covert PAL footage to NTSC. Atlantis is available for $195 and offers a full demo that watermarks the output.

Dave Taylor suggests one of the least frustrating solutions I've seen. Invest in a region-free DVD player with onboard PAL-to-NTSC conversion. Dave recently went through the same process and ultimately concluded buying the DVD player was the path of least resistance. You can read more about Dave's experience and the DVD player he purchased at Intuitive.com.